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Patented; Au 30, I898.

S. H. &. E. B. HAYCOCK. APPARATUS FOR MINING IN FROZEN GRIIUND No.6I0,048.

(Application flied Nov. 22, 1892;.

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Patented Aug. so, I898. S. H. & E. B. HAYCOCK.

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APPARATUS FOR MINING IN FROZEN GROUND.

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SAMUEL HAYOOOK, OF IROQUOIS, AND ED'WARD 13. ITAYOOCK, OF OTTAWVA,CANADA.

APPARATUS FOR MINING IN FROZEN GROUND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 610,048, dated August30, 1898.

Application filed November 22, 1897. Serial No. 659,526. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SAMUEL H. HAYCOOK, of Iroquois, and EDWARD B.HAYCOCK, of Ottawa, in the Province of Ontario and Dominion of Canada,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus forMining in Frozen Ground; andwe do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

Our invention, which will be hereinafter fully set forth and claimed,relates to apparatus for sinking shafts and making drifts in sand,gravel, and similar formations, and especially when such formations arefrozen.

The object of our invention is an apparatus for treating certainformations, such as may, in a limited sense, be described as soluble, assand, gravel, and the like,and especially when frozen, for the purposeof sinking shafts and driving drifts in mining and similar opera tions.

Figure 1 is a plan of our improved mining plant. Fig. 2 is a section ofa shaft and drift, with part of the machinery shown in eleva tion. Fig.3 is a top view of the sinker. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectionfof the sameon line 4: 4, Fig. 3. Fig 5 is a cross-section of a steamboiler withhot-air jacket. Fig. 6 is a jack,- eted steam-pipe, the jacket beingadapted to be filled with hot air by the fan. Fig. 7 shows a steam andhot-air junction, being a modification.

When a shaft is to be'sunk in sand, gravel, or other formation of asimilar description, and especially if there is more or less frost inthe ground, a suitable building B is erected over the place where theshaft A is to be sunk, which is adapted to contain the necessarymachinery. This latter consists of a movable sinker O, a steam-boiler D,a hoist E, and a pump F. If it is desired to utilize hot air or thewaste heat of the boiler, a fan G is also employed to force the hot airthrough the heater and pipes, and it may also be used for ventilatingthe shaft A and drift A. If hot air is to be generated by the waste heatof the boiler, a casing or jacket D is placed around the boiler to forman air-space 2, as shown in Fig. 5[ In some cases, however, hot air maybe used as the principal medium instead of steam and the latter onlyemployed for motor purposes, such as hoisting, pumping, blowing, and thelike.

The hoist, pump, and fan may each have its own engine, or one engine 0'may drive a line of shafting, and from this power may be taken by beltsto the said machines.

The sinker O is essentially a radiating apparatus somewhat resembling aninverted funnel. It is made the size of the pit or shaft intended to besunk and may be of any desired shape, the rectangular form being shownin Figs. 1, 3, and 4. It may be constructed of galvanized-iron sheet andconsists of a top 3,0f depressed (or low) pyramidal (or conical) shape,with a central nozzle 10, which is provided with a thread 10 foracoupling 11 for a flexible hose. The top is made with a double wall 3and the space between the two walls or sheets closed in and filled withnon-con ducting material to prevent upward radiation and waste of heat.Hooks or eyes 12 are secured to the upper sheet, to which short chains13 are secured, all joined in a central ring 14:, to which the liftingchain or rope 15 may be attached. To the outer edge of the top issecured a vertical downwardly-projecting rim or flange 4, having itslower edge strengthened by a bar 5. WVithin this structure and heldapart therefrom to form a space 6' between them is an inner similar oneconsisting of a top or crown 6, similar to the top 3, but more depressedor flat, connected by stays 6 with the upper one at suitable intervalsand provided with a rim 7, not as deep and not reaching as far down asthe outer one, and also provided with a strengthening-bar 8, cross-stays9, connecting the outer rim, being secured some inches up from the loweredge. The crown 6 may be corrugated to in crease its heating-surface. Ineach angle of the sinker (or at several points in the rim of a roundone) may be inserted a short vertical pipe 16, projecting above the top3 a little and provided with a hose-coupling 18 and kept low and nearthe lower edge 5. The

sinker is connected withthe boiler by means of a steam-pipe D, providedwith suitable valve D and with hose-coupling 11 at the dischargeend,-which latter is brought into convenient proximity over the sinker Cand connected therewith by a flexible hose D The hoisting rope or chain15, coming from the hoist E, is led over a pulley E, journaledvertically over the center of the shaft to a beam forming part of thebuilding B or to sheer legs or other convenient or suitable support.

The process in frozen ground is as follows: The sinker C, which ispreferably made in its rims about the size of the shaft to be sunk, islowered by the hoist upon the place where the mouth of the shaft is tobe. The flexible hose D having been duly connected with the coupling 11of the sinker and the coupling 11 on the steam-pipe D and thesteam-valve D being turned on, the steam passes in the space 6 of thesinker and comes in direct contact with the ground along the rim 5 and8, while the crown 6 is heated and reflects the heat upon the groundbelow. The condensed Water flows out at the rim and, with the waterreleased from the ground by thawing, forms the latter into a slush. Oneof the pipes 16 in the sinker is now connected by its coupling 18 with aflexible hose F, connected to the suction-pipe F of the pump F.

The pump will be of a character adapted to lift water holding debris insuspension, such as the centrifugal pumps usually are, and the pump,being set in motion, will draw off the water, and this will carry withit any sand and other debris which may be held in suspension anddischarged into a sluice box ready to be washed or discharged. Theflexible hose F may be changed from one pipe 16 to the others inrotation, those not in use for the time being closed with a cap. Anyaccumulation of heavier debris which the pump F is not capable oflifting must be removed from time to time by the shovel or in any otherconvenient manner by first shutting off the steam and then lifting thesinker by means of the hoist. The hoist may also be used for liftingsuch coarser debris after the shaft has been sunk some depth.

When hot air is to be used as an auxiliary, it may be employed to heat ajacket at around the steam-pipe D", into which the hot air from theboiler-jacket D is forced by the fan G through a pipe 61', as shown inFig. 6, or the hot air may be allowed to mingle with the steam, asuitable junction D being inserted in the steam-pipe D and aback-pressure valve (I inserted in the hot-air pipe to prevent the steampassing into it if the pressure becomes excessive. This modification isshown in Fig. 7; but other means of mixing hot air and steam are wellknown.

Although steam is mentioned as the princi pal heat-conveying medium, hotair or other media might be used under certain given conditions withequal advantage.

W'e claim as our invention- 1. In a sinker, the combination of a lowpyramidal top, a nozzle at the apex, a vertical rim or flange at theedge, a strengthening-bar along the lower edge of the rim or flange, anon-conducting lining to the top, an inner casing consisting of crownand rim a little distance from the outer one so as to form a space andthe rim not extending as far down as the outer one and provided with astrengthening-bar, connections at intervals between the outer casing andthe inner, and crossstays connecting said outerrim, substantially as setforth.

2. In a sinker, the combination of a low pyramidal top, a nozzle at theapex, a vertical rim or flange at the edge strengthened at its loweredge, a non-conducting lining to the top, an inner casing consisting ofcrown and rim similar to the outer one but smaller and a little distancefrom it so as to form a space and its rim strengthened at the lower edgenot extending as far down as the outer one, connections at intervalsbetween the inner and outer casings, vertical pipes in the spacesbetween the flanges having lateral bends below and projecting above thetop and provided with means of connecting them with hose or closingthem, substantially as set forth.

3. A radiating apparatus or sinker approximatingthe shape of an invertedfunnel and consisting of a flattened funnel-shaped top with centralnozzle and hose-coupling and' having a vertical flange or rim at thelower or outer edge, and an inner casing similar to the outer one butsmaller and with crown more depressed and forming a radiating-surfacewith a space between it and the outer one that is open at the loweredges of the rims, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed in the presence of the undersignedwitnesses.

SAML. H. IIAYOOOK. EDWARD B. HAYOOCK.

WVitnesses to the signature of S. H. Haycock:

A. E. DUERELL, MAY ADELAID HAYoooK.

WVitnesses to the signature of E. B. Haycock:

A. HARVEY, B. HARVEY.

